‘Retina’. This small word is the most important part of the most important organ of human anatomy. Hidden behind the eye is this thin layer of tissue that nature has given the immense responsibility of capturing light, converting it into visual signals, and transmitting them to the brain. It functions like a camera film, transforming light into images so we can see. If damaged, it can create serious vision problems that often require retina surgery as the only viable treatment. Some of these conditions include:

Common Retinal Conditions Requiring Surgery

• Retinal Detachment 

When a hole or tear forms in the retina, the vitreous fluid beneath it begins to leak out. This leakage causes the retina to lift and pull away from its normal position. Symptoms include sudden flashes of light or shadows in your vision. This condition can lead to permanent vision loss if not treated promptly.

• Macular Hole: 

The macula is the central part of the retina responsible for sharp vision. When a hole develops here, central vision becomes blurred or distorted.

• Retinal Tear: 

Aging or trauma can cause small breaks in the retina, which may eventually lead to retinal detachment.

• Vitreous Haemorrhage:

Due to retinal tears or diabetic retinopathy, blood can leak into the clear substance inside the eye called vitreous gel, significantly affecting vision.

Fortunately, various surgical procedures can address these conditions. Let’s explore some widely accepted retina surgery options:

Types of Retina Surgery Procedures

• Pneumatic Retinopexy: 

This is a minimally invasive method highly effective for treating retinal detachment. In this procedure, a small air bubble is injected near the hole in the eye, which gently pushes the retina back into its normal position with slight pressure.

• Scleral Buckling: 

Here, a silicone band is placed around the eye. The tension created causes the eye to indent slightly, allowing the retina to reattach.

• Vitrectomy: 

A small amount of vitreous fluid is surgically removed from the eye, providing better access to retinal tissues for repair and recovery. Afterward, silicon oil or a gas bubble is created in the eye to help the retina return to its place. This procedure is followed to treat retinal tears or detachment.

Although these retina surgery procedures differ, they share the same healing mechanism. Controlled scar tissues (collagen) are created around retinal holes or tears, facilitating natural post-surgery recovery. Unlike external skin, where collagen healing requires moisture, the vitreous fluid inside the eye can disrupt healing. Air or oil bubbles act as barriers, creating a temporary ‘Controlled Dry Zone’ around the tear to allow scar tissues to repair.

Also Read:- A Comprehensive Guide to Retinal Diseases

Recovery After Retina Surgery

The bubble placed in your eye needs to float in the correct position. Otherwise, it can move away from the scar tissues and allow vitreous fluid to seep through the tears again. After these procedures, ophthalmologists advise patients to keep their head in a face-down position. Additionally, air travel is restricted, and patients should avoid places with altitude changes, such as mountains or engage in activities like scuba diving, as altitude changes can increase eye pressure.

Depending on your specific condition, you may need to maintain a face-down position for days or weeks. It’s not necessary to lie face down at all times, but your head should be tilted downward so your eyes are looking down, similar to the position when reading or texting.

How to Make Your Face-Down Recovery Easier

Several solutions can make your face-down posture more comfortable:

• While Sitting: 

You can fold your arms on a table and rest your head on your forehead.

• Lying Down: 

Lie face down on a pillow with the recovering side of your face hanging off the edge of the bed.

Special equipment is available in the market to enhance comfort during recovery, which you can rent or purchase:

• Face-Down Chairs:

These provide support to your head or neck while sitting.

• Table Top Face Cradles:

It allows you to keep your hands free while sitting at a table.

• Face-Down Pillows: 

These pillows have a space for your face to help you sleep comfortably.

• Face-Down Mirrors: 

These are angled to let you see people or objects before you.

Protect Your Retinal Health Before Any Issue Arises

Beyond surgical intervention, maintaining retinal health is possible by paying attention to lifestyle factors. You can choose to incorporate ingredients in your diet that are rich in lutein and zeaxanthin (spinach, fenugreek, mustard greens & eggs), beta-carotene (carrots) and omega-3 fatty acids (nuts & seeds). Diabetes patients should manage their blood sugar level as uncontrolled diabetes causes retinal damage. Also, it is advised to get regular dilated eye examinations for early detection of issues.

Expert Attention When You Need It

At AK Institute of Ophthalmology (AKIO), we are aware of the anxiety associated with eye conditions. Our retina specialists in Delhi NCR deliver compassionate care through superior technology at international standards. Our vision is that everyone should receive quality eye treatment, with a focus on detailed treatment and clear guidance through every step of recovery. Your sight is as important to us as it is to you.

Conclusion

The success of retina surgery is also dependent on adherence to your doctor’s advice during the recovery phase, especially the head position. Although the face-down position may be uncomfortable, it is a very important factor in the proper healing of the retina. With good care, the proper equipment and patience, most patients have significant vision improvement. Keep in mind that your eye doctor’s advice is essential during the process, so keep regular follow-up visits and present any strange symptoms at once. Your eyesight is valuable—taking the time to heal completely now can save your vision for many years to come.